To process a single file you can use convert. For example, to reduce the quality of a jpg image you can run
convert -quality 75 file.jpg
or
mogrify -quality 75 file.jpg
However, to apply to same action to all the jpg images in a directory you have to run mogrify. This tool is similar to convert except the original image file is overwritten with any changes. Batch convertion with mogrify is quite straightforward:
mogrify -quality 75 *.jpg
If you want to run your batch operation recursively to all subdirectories you can run
find . -name '*.jpg' -execdir mogrify -quality 75 {} \;
A list of all (more than 200!) convert/imagemagick options is available at http://www.imagemagick.org/script/convert.php